Report of the Study Group on “ Fisheries and Ecosystem Response to Recent Regime Shifts”

Full report [pdf, 13.3 MB]


Table of Contents:

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. DECADAL-SCALE CLIMATE EVENTS
1.1  Introduction
1.2  Basin-scale Patterns
1.3  Long Time Series in the North Pacific
1.4  Decadal Climate Variability in Ecological Regions of the North Pacific
1.5  Mechanisms
1.6  References


2. COHERENT REGIONAL RESPONSES
2.1  Introduction
2.2  Central North Pacific (CNP)
2.3  California Current System (CCS)
2.4  Gulf of Alaska (GOA)
2.5  Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands
2.6  Western North Pacific (WNP)
2.7  Coherence in Regional Responses to the 1998 Regime Shift
2.8  Climate Indicators for Detecting Regime Shifts
2.9  References


3. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF MARINE RESOURCES
3.1  Introduction
3.2  Response Time of Biota to Regime Shifts
3.3  Response Time of Management to Regime Shifts
3.4  Provision of Stock Assessment Advice
3.5  Decision Rules
3.6  References


4. SUGGESTED LITERATURE
4.1  Climate Regimes
4.2  Impacts on Lower Trophic Levels
4.3  Impacts on Fish and Higher Trophic Levels
4.4  Impacts on Ecosystems and Possible Mechanisms
4.5  Regimes and Fisheries Management


APPENDIX 1: RECENT ECOSYSTEM CHANGES IN THE CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC
A1.1  Introduction
A1.2  Physical Oceanography
A1.3  Lower Trophic Levels
A1.4  Invertebrates
A1.5  Fishes
A1.6  References


APPENDIX 2: RECENT ECOSYSTEM CHANGES IN THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM
A2.1  Introduction
A2.2  Physical Oceanography
A2.3  Lower Trophic Levels
A2.4  Invertebrates
A2.5  Fishes
A2.6  References


APPENDIX 3: RECENT ECOSYSTEM CHANGES IN THE GULF OF ALASKA
A3.1  Introduction
A3.2  Physical Oceanography
A3.3  Lower Trophic Levels
A3.4  Invertebrates
A3.5  Fishes
A3.6  Higher Trophic Levels
A3.7  Coherence in Gulf of Alaska Fish
A3.8  Combined Standardized Indices of Recruitment and Survival Rate
A3.9  References


APPENDIX 4: RECENT ECOSYSTEM CHANGES IN THE BERING SEA AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS
A4.1  Introduction
A4.2  Bering Sea Environmental Variables and Physical Oceanography
A4.3  Bering Sea Lower Trophic Levels
A4.4  Bering Sea Invertebrates
A4.5  Bering Sea Fishes
A4.6  Bering Sea Higher Trophic Levels
A4.7  Coherence in Bering Sea Fish Responses
A4.8  Combined Standardized Indices of Bering Fish Recruitment and Survival Rate
A4.9  Aleutian Islands
A4.10  References


APPENDIX 5: RECENT ECOSYSTEM CHANGES IN THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC
A5.1  Introduction
A5.2  Sea of Okhotsk
A5.3  Tsushima Current Region and Kuroshio/Oyashio Current Region
A5.4  Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea
A5.5  References