Jacqueline Grebmeier is Research Professor and a biological
oceanographer at the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University
of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Over the last twenty-five
years she has participated in over 45 oceanographic expeditions
on both US and foreign vessels, many as Chief Scientist, and she
was the overall project lead scientist for the U.S. Western Arctic
Shelf-Basin Interactions project, which was one of the largest U.S.
funded global change studies in the Arctic. Her research includes
studies of pelagic-benthic coupling in marine systems, benthic carbon
cycling, benthic faunal population structure, and polar ecosystem
health. Her role in research projects includes coordination of the
benthic biological and sediment tracer studies and analysis of ecosystem
status and trends on Arctic continental shelves. She is the U.S.
delegate to the International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) and
one of four IASC Vice-Presidents, a current member of the U.S. Polar
Research Board of the U.S. National Academies, and served formerly
as a member of the U.S. Arctic Research Commission following appointment
by President Clinton. She has contributed to coordinated international
and national science planning efforts including service on the steering
committee for U.S. efforts during the International Polar Year.
She has published over 75 peer-reviewed scientific papers and has
served as editor of several books and journal special issues.
Marit Reigstad is a marine biologist with PhD from
the University of Tromsø (UiT), Norway, and professor in
marine ecology at UiT since 2009.
Her scientific focus is carbon cycling through pelagic-benthic coupling
and regulation of vertical flux of organic material by organisms
at lower trophic levels, and through physical forcing. Methods include
short-time sediment traps, pelagic plankton communities, with characterization
of organic matter though microscopy and biochemical analysis. A
combination of field investigations and process-oriented experiments
has been useful to reveal mechanisms behind retention patterns and
composition of organic material as seen in sediment traps deployed
with high vertical resolution. She has experience from several investigations
in the Barents Sea, studying the impact of sea ice and environmental
conditions on productivity and pelagic-benthic coupling. Marit has
also been responsible for the biological program in the IPY project
“iAOOS Norway” with investigations on the East-Greenland
shelf in the Fram Strait. At present, she leads the CONFLUX project,
focusing on the role of stratification, turbulence and different
organisms on degradation processes in the upper water column (>200
m). She has experience from coastal regions, fjords and the Arctic,
and cooperate with ecosystem modelers to investigate productivity
and fate of primary production related to the ecosystem composition
on larger time- and spatial scales.
S2
Session New
observations and understanding of eastern and western Bering Sea
ecosystems
Dr. Gennady V. Khen is a physical oceanographer
at the Pacific Scientific Research Fisheries Center (TINRO-Center,
Russia). He graduated Geography Department of the Moscow State
University in 1970, and then for a long time (12 years) he worked
at the Pacific Institution of Fish Concentration Search (TURNIF).
He received his PhD in oceanography in 1988 in the State Institution
of Oceanography in Moscow. Since 1998 he is a head of Laboratory
of Fisheries Oceanography of TINRO-Center. The staff of the Laboratory
investigates meteorology and oceanography of the Bering, Okhotsk
and Japan Seas and north-western Pacific. His research interests
include the changing physical processes in the Bering Sea and
Sea of Okhotsk and their influence on fishery resources. He had
shown the importance of the water exchange of Russian Far Eastern
Seas with Pacific for marine climate. He was involved in activity
of POC Committee of PICES in second half 1990-s. Now he is a member
of Data Management working group of NEAR-GOOS.
Dr. Franz Mueter works as Assistant Professor at the
Juneau Center of the School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University
of Alaska Fairbanks. Born and raised in northern Germany, Franz
began biological studies at the Rhino-Westphalian Technical Institute
in Aachen before moving to Fairbanks in 1988 to pursue graduate
degrees in biological (M.S.) and fisheries oceanography (Ph.D.),
as well as biostatistics (M.S.). His research initially focused
on the early life history of pollock and flatfishes in nearshore
waters of the Gulf of Alaska, and gradually expanded to include
adult groundfish communities throughout the Gulf of Alaska and Bering
Sea. He has also modeled recruitment processes of salmon in relation
to temperature variability throughout the Northeast Pacific and
has worked on other anadromous species in Alaskan waters, including
the Arctic. His research interests currently include the effects
of environmental variability on the distribution, abundance, recruitment,
and survival of fishes in subarctic and arctic waters. He is particularly
interested in the applied aspects of this research as they relate
to the management of fisheries resources in the face of global climate
changes. He serves as co-chair of ESSAS Working Group 4 on “Climate
Effects at Upper Trophic Levels” and is a member of the new
PICES/ICES
Working Group on “Forecasting Climate Change Impacts on
Fish and Shellfish”.
Diane Lavoie is a research scientist with Fisheries
and Oceans Canada at Maurice Lamontagne Institute, Mont-Joli, Quebec.
She received a PhD from the University of Victoria in British-Columbia.
Her research interests include the impacts of climate change on
planktonic ecosystems and on biogeochemical cycles in Arctic and
Subarctic Seas and the development of coupled sea ice-ocean-ecosystem
models. For her PhD, she developped a coupled 1D sea ice-ocean-biological
(including ice algae) model to study the mechanisms controlling
primary production in seasonally ice-covered regions of the Arctic
Ocean and its response to climate change. She is currently working
on the development of coupled 3D ice-ocean-biogeochemical(NPZD-O-pH)
models for the Gulf of St. Lawrence to study the impacts of anthopogenic
forcing (e.g. hydro-electric development, eutrophisation, climate
change) and climate variability on primary production, aggregation
of whale forage species (krill), and on the development of an hypoxic
and acid zone in the estuary.
Lou Codispoti is a Research Professor at the Horn
Point Laboratory campus of the University of Maryland Center for
Environmental Science. His interest in nutrients, dissolved oxygen,
and net community production in boreal seas began with an expedition
to the Chukchi, East Siberian and Laptev Seas in 1963. His most
recent research on boreal ecosystems involves estimating net community
production in the Arctic and in adjacent sub-Arctic seas, by examining
seasonal changes in nutrient concentrations. Other research interests
include the oceanic fixed-nitrogen and nitrous oxide budgets, suboxic
respiration, and producing improved instrumentation for obtaining
time-series data from aquatic environments.
Shigeto Nishino is a polar oceanographer at JAMSTEC
in Yokosuka, Japan. He received a Ph.D. in Physical Oceanography
in 1997 from Hokkaido University. He has participated in the R/V
Mirai Arctic Ocean cruises since 2000, and led water samplings and
chemical analyses. Based on the field experiments, he has studied
water mass distributions and ocean circulation, which are related
to biogeochemical cycles, and their temporal variations in the changing
Arctic climate system. His current interest is to understand impacts
of sea ice melt on the Arctic biological production, which would
be different among the positions of ocean circulation.
Jim Christian
Institute of Ocean Sciences and the Canadian Centre for Climate
Modelling and Analysis, Fisheries and Oceans Canada
Dr. James Christian received his PhD from the University
of Hawaii in 1995. He has been a staff scientist at the Institute
of Ocean Sciences and the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling
and Analysis since 2002. He is an adjunct faculty member at the
University of Victoria's School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, and
co-chair of the PICES Section on Carbon and Climate. His research
involves the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus,
and iron, coupling between the different elemental cycles, and regulation
of biogeochemical cycles by plankton physiology and ecology and
by climate variability and change. He is team leader for ocean biogeochemistry
in the Canadian Earth System Model, which is being used to generate
the Canadian contribution to future projections of climate change
for the IPCC 5th assessment report (AR5).
Eddy Carmack is a climate oceanographer for the Department
of Fisheries and Oceans at the Institute of Ocean Sciences in Sidney,
British Columbia. As an observer of water systems he has participated
in over 80 field investigations in rivers, lakes and seas spanning
from the Antarctic to the Arctic and from the Yukon to Siberia.
From this he has published over 150 peer-reviewed scientific articles
on subjects including the water masses and thermohaline circulation
of the global ocean, climate change in arctic waters, dynamics of
deep lakes, flow in ice-covered rivers and – as a central
theme - physical/biological coupling in marine systems. His current
work seeks the signals of climate variability in high-latitude oceans
and subsequent repercussions to the food web and resident fish and
marine mammals. He has served as Lead Canadian scientist for co-operative
studies of the subarctic North Pacific with Russia, for the 1994
Canada/US expedition to the North Pole, and for international studies
in the Northwest Passage and Canada Basin. Recently, he led the
‘Canada’s Three Oceans’ project for the International
Polar Year and - to maintain a personal perspective - is ‘Captain’
of his 34’ troller conversion R/V Wicklow. He is a Fellow
of the American Geophysical Union, the 2007 Massey medallist of
the Royal Canadian Geographic Society, the 2010 Tully medallist
for the Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society, holds
the Sidney Chapman Chair at the University of Alaska and is an adjunct
at the University of British Columbia.
Sen Tok Kim, marine biologist. In 1983 he graduated
the Far-Eastern State University in Vladivostok. He received his
PhD from the Institute of Marine Biology in Vladivostok on research
the biology of Pacific cod off Sakhalin and Kuril Islands in 1997.
Now the main his interests are the biology aspects and dynamics
of fish resources, the spatial-temporal changing of fish communities'
structure on the shelf and upper slope zone in some areas of East
and Okhotsk seas. He has published 48 articles in national scientific
journals applying to biology of Pacific cod, Walleye pollack, Atka
mackerel and other species. Currently he is a chief of laboratory
of commercial fishes at Sakhalin Scientific Research Institute of
Fishery and Oceanography, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia.
Orio
Yamamura
Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan
Dr. Orio Yamamura (orioy@affrc.go.jp) is a Fisheries
Biologist with the Higher Trophic Level Studies in Hokkaido National
Fisheries Research Institute (HNFRI), Kushiro, Japan. He received
his Ph.D. in Marine Ecology from Hokkaido University and then began
his career at HNFRI. Orio’s research focuses on topics ranging
from trophodynamic processes of walleye pollock in the coastal area
to carrying capacity for salmonids in the Bering Sea. Since 2005,
he has directed the Steller sea lion research program in Hokkaido
Island. He has co-chaired the PICES WG-14 and MIE-AP.
S7
Session Anticipating
socio-economic and policy consequences of global changes in sub-polar
and polar marine ecosystems
Anthony Charles
Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, Canada
Dr. Anthony Charles is a professor of Management Science
and Environmental Studies at Saint Mary’s University in Halifax,
Canada (http://husky1.smu.ca/~charles).
His work focuses on governance, management and economics of fisheries
and other components of marine social-ecological systems. Tony is
particularly known for his work in three areas: sustainability and
resilience concepts applied to fisheries and coastal areas, approaches
to incorporate human dimensions into ecosystem-based management,
and participatory marine governance approaches. Additional research
areas include integrated ocean management, marine protected areas,
and the economic analysis of human-environment interactions. Tony
works regularly with local fishery organizations, the Canadian government,
the OECD and the UN Food and Agriculture Organization. He is the
author of several books, including the 2011 FAO book, Coastal Fisheries
of Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as Sustainable Fishery
Systems and Integrated Fish Farming. Tony has been designated a
Pew Fellow in Marine Conservation, and recently received a Gulf
of Maine Visionary Award for his fisheries and oceans work in the
Atlantic region of Canada.
Mitsutaku Makino, M.Phil. (Cambridge), M.A., Ph.D.(Kyoto),
is a senior researcher of the Fisheries Research Agency, Japan.
He is specializing in the fisheries and ecosystem-based management
policy analysis. He is the Chair of PICES Study Group on Human Dimensions
(SG-HD) and the Vice Chair of PICES Marine Environmental Quality
Committee (MEQ). He is also involved in international scholarly
programs such as IMBER Study Group on Human Dimensions (IMBER-HD),
IUCN Fisheries Expert Group (IUCN FEG), etc.
James R. McGoodwin, a cultural anthropologist, is
Research Affiliate with the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research,
and Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at the University of Colorado-Boulder.
Early in his career he was a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Marine Policy
Program at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and ever since
he has focused mainly on fishing people, fishing communities, and
fisheries policies. He has conducted field research in fishing communities
in Alaska, Denmark, Florida, Hawaii, Iceland, Japan, Massachusetts,
Mexico, Newfoundland, Portugal, Spain, Texas, and the West Indies,
and recently worked with the European Union, FAO/UN, the Global
Forum on Oceans, Coasts and Islands, and the Marine Stewardship
Council. He is author of several books including Crisis in the
World's Fisheries:People, Problems and Policies,
Stanford University Press, 1990, as well as numerous articles, including
one that is particularly relevant for his presentation at the ESSAS-2011-OSM,
“Effects of climatic variability on three fishing economies
in high-latitude regions: implications for fisheries policies,”
Marine Policy 31: 40-55, 2007.
S8
Session Interactions
between Gadoids and Crustaceans: The roles of climate, predation,
and fisheries
Patrick Ouellet completed a Ph.D. in oceanography
at Dalhousie University in 1993 and has worked since then for the
Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) at Maurice Lamontagne
Institute (Québec, Canada). His main research interests are
the biology of early life stages of marine fish and decapod crustaceans
and the processes that determine interannual variability in recruitment
in exploited populations. Dr. Ouellet’s approach acknowledges
the multiplicity of factors—from parental effects on egg and
larva characteristics to large-scale environmental forcing—that
influence recruitment in marine populations; his research combines
field work and controlled laboratory experiments. His recent work
with the international research groups NIPAG (NAFO/ICES Pandalus
Assessment Group) and SAFARI (Societal Applications in Fisheries
and Aquaculture using Remotely-sensed Imagery) has shown how oceanographic
processes influence recruitment in populations of northern shrimp
in the North Atlantic. Dr. Ouellet is also member of DFO’s
Atlantic Zone Monitoring Program (AZMP), a program that collects
oceanographic data (biological, chemical, physical) with the aim
of detecting and monitoring seasonal and interannual variability
in eastern Canadian waters. He is editor of the program’s
publication, AZMP Bulletin PMZA (ISSN 1916-6362) http://www.meds-sdmm.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/zmp/docs_f.html.
José
M. (Lobo) Orensanze
Argentina National Council for Scientific and Technical Research
Lobo Orensanz, a native of Argentina, is a research
scientist with Argentina’s National Council for Scientific
and Technical Research, based at the National Patagonic Center (Puerto
Madryn, Argentine Patagonia). He is also an affiliate professor
with the School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, The University
of Washington, and a Pew Fellow in Marine Conservation (2000). The
main focus of his current research relates to the sustainability
of small scale benthic fisheries. The systems with which he has
been involved in recent years include the geoduck clam fishery from
the Pacific Northwest, the implementation of territorial use rights
(TURFs) in Chilean shellfisheries, a traditional tenure system in
the Juan Fernandez Islands lobster fishery (off Central Chile),
and co-management in Argentine scallop and Chilean sea urchin fisheries.
He is also actively involved in research on population dynamics
of Bering Sea snow crab, particularly in relation to the effects
of fising, climatic change and cod predation. Beyond research he
has participated in a number of management-related contexts, ranging
from active interaction with local fishers’ organizations
to collaboration with FAO and the MSC.
W1
Workshop Biological
consequences of a decrease in sea ice in Arctic and Sub-Arctic Seas
Trond Kristiansen is a bio-physical modeler at the
Institute for Marine Research in Bergen, Norway, whose research
focuses on quantifying fisheries’ responses to natural and
human-driven ecosystem changes. Trond received his Ph.D. in 2007
from the University of Bergen where his research focused on integrating
individual-based models with physical oceanographic models to examine
which biological and physical factors drive recruitment variability
in North Atlantic cod stocks. For his post-doctoral research at
the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill and Rutgers University,
he developed coupled bio-physical models to understand how combinations
of light, temperature, and prey may affect the match-mismatch between
larval fish and their prey resources. In addition, Trond has worked
on comparing and contrasting different spawning grounds such as
Georges Bank, Iceland, the North Sea and the Barents Sea to characterize
the ecosystem effect on larval fish characteristics (e.g. timing
of spawning). His current work incorporates GFDL ESM AR5 model outputs
to quantify how changing temperature and productivity will affect
fish survival. Trond’s research interests include stock assessment,
analyzing food web dynamics, quantifying connectivity patterns and
predicting impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems.
