PICES Special Publication 4

Marine Ecosystems of the North Pacific

ISSN 1813-8519
ISBN 1-897176-66-X

Cover [pdf, 0.5 Mb]
Foreword and TOC [pdf, 0.2 Mb]


Synthesis [pdf, 3.5 Mb]

Highlights 2
Introduction 4
Climate 5
Physical Ocean 10
Chemical Ocean 19
Biological Ocean 25
Fish and Invertebrate Fisheries 32
Marine Birds and Mammals 40
References 50

Highlights 58
Introduction 60
Large-scale Indices 61
Oceanography 67
Phytoplankton 74
Zooplankton 78
Fishes and Invertebrates 85
Marine Birds and Mammals 98
References 102

Highlights 108
Introduction 109
Atmosphere 111
Oceanography 112
Biology 116
References 139

Highlights 144
Introduction 146
Atmosphere 147
Hydrography 154
Biological Ocean 162
Fishes and Invertebrates 167
Marine Mammals 187
References 191

Highlights 198
Introduction 200
Atmosphere 202
Physical Ocean 206
Chemical Ocean 212
Phytoplankton Biomass and Primary Production 215
Microzooplankton 221
Mesozooplankton 223
Fishes and Invertebrates 229
Marine Birds 250
Marine Mammals 253
References 261

Sea of Okhotsk [pdf, 3.2 Mb]

Highlights 270
Introduction 272
Climate 273
Physical Ocean 277
Chemical Ocean 281
Biological Ocean 283
Fishes and Invertebrates 286
Marine Birds and Mammals 296
References 297

Oyashio [pdf, 2.5 Mb]

Highlights 302
Introduction 304
Atmosphere 305
Physical Ocean 307
Chemical Ocean 308
Biological Ocean 313
Fishes and Invertebrates 320
Marine Birds 326
References 328

Kuroshio [pdf, 3.5 Mb]

Highlights 332
Introduction 333
Atmosphere 334
Oceanography 339
Zooplankton 347
Fishes and Invertebrates 350
References 356

Yellow and East China Seas [pdf, 3.2 Mb]

Highlights 362
Introduction 364
Atmosphere and Hydrology 365
Physical and Chemical Ocean 367
Phytoplankton 374
Zooplankton 379
Fishes and Invertebrates 383
Marine Birds and Mammals 387
Benthos 389
References 391